| NEUE 
                                        ENTWICKLUNGEN Wenige 
                                        Änderungen seit 2022. In 
                                        2019, France voted the new 
                                        "PACTE Law" (for "Action Plan for Business 
                                        Growth and Transformation"), aiming at 
                                        doubling employee share ownerhip in France, 
                                        with a 10% stake to be held by employees 
                                        by 2030. In this view, the corporate social 
                                        contribution due on incentive plans ("forfait 
                                        social") is reduced from 20 to 10% for 
                                        public companies and it is even abolished 
                                        for SMEs.  
                                        In 2019 and 2020, many countries introduced 
                                        exemption tax regimes to promote the use 
                                        of stock options in startups. So did successively 
                                        The Netherlands, Sweden, 
                                        Denmark, Croatia, 
                                        France, Norway, 
                                        Greece, Lithuania 
                                        and Serbia. Most 
                                        recently, France reduced 
                                        its "forfait social" 
                                        tax to zero in 2021 for many employee 
                                        share plans, and Germany 
                                        multiplier by four its fiscal incentives 
                                        from 360 to 720€ annually from 1.7.2021. However, 
                                         Norway removed all incentives 
                                        from 1.1.2022.  
                                        For 
                                          more detailsTable 
                                          of recent policy decisions in European 
                                          countries
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